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14.3 以否定詞開(kāi)頭作部分倒裝
如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than
Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.
Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.
典型例題
No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.
A. the game began B. has the game begun
C. did the game begin D. had the game begun
答案D. 以具有否定意義的副詞放在句首時(shí),一般采用倒裝句(謂語(yǔ)前置)。這類(lèi)表示否定意義的詞有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but (also), no sooner…than, hardly… when scarcely… when 等等。
注意:只有當(dāng)Not only… but also連接兩個(gè)分句時(shí),才在先進(jìn)個(gè)分句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如果置于句首的Not only… but also僅連接兩個(gè)并列詞語(yǔ),不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。
Not only you but also I am fond of music.
14.4 so, neither, nor作部分倒裝
以so/neither起首的倒裝句,結(jié)構(gòu)為so/neither+謂語(yǔ)(助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)+主語(yǔ),用于說(shuō)明上文所描述的情況也同樣適用于下文的人或物。該結(jié)構(gòu)中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的選擇在形式上要和上文的謂語(yǔ)保持一致,數(shù)要由下文的主語(yǔ)來(lái)決定。
注意,在“so+謂語(yǔ)+主語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)中,主語(yǔ)是另外的人或物,而在“so+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)中,主語(yǔ)仍是上文的人或物,表示對(duì) 上文所講事實(shí)的肯定或強(qiáng)調(diào),如,She can play the piano, so she can.(她會(huì)彈鋼琴,她的確會(huì)。)
(1)He can sing a lot of English songs, so can she.他會(huì)唱很多英語(yǔ)歌曲,她也是。
(2)She speaks English very well, so do I.她英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得好,我也是。
(3)Li Lei hasn’t read this book, neither has Lin Feng.李蕾?zèng)]看過(guò)這本書(shū),林風(fēng)也沒(méi)看過(guò)。
She went to school just now. So did I . 她剛才去學(xué)校了,我也是
She has finished the work. So have I . 她已經(jīng)完成了工作,我也完成了。
She will go to school. So will he. 她將去學(xué)校,他也是。典型例題
---Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?
---I don't know, _____.
A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also
答案:B. nor為增補(bǔ)意思"也不關(guān)心",因此句子應(yīng)倒裝。A錯(cuò)在用 don't 再次否定, C neither 用法不對(duì)且缺乏連詞。 D缺乏連詞。
注意: 當(dāng)so引出的句子用以對(duì)上文內(nèi)容加以證實(shí)或肯定時(shí),不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。意為"的確如此"。
Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
---It's raining hard. ---So it is.