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初中英語(yǔ)核心詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)!大部分孩子自制力比較弱,加上學(xué)習(xí)氛圍的缺乏,預(yù)習(xí)這一環(huán)節(jié)就被很多學(xué)生忽略了,因此家長(zhǎng)一定要定時(shí)監(jiān)督孩子,共同完成預(yù)習(xí)環(huán)節(jié)。下面,小編為大家?guī)?lái)初中英語(yǔ)核心詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)。
易混知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總
1.he was ill yesterday, so he didn’t go to work. (×)
Because he was ill yesterday, he didn’t go to work. (√)
He was ill yesterday, so he didn’t go to work. (√)
[析] 用though, but表示“雖然……,但是……”或用because, so 表示“因?yàn)?hellip;…,所以……”時(shí),though和but 及because和so 都只能擇一而用,不能兩者同時(shí)使用。
2.The Smiths have moved Beijing. (×)
The Smiths have moved to Beijing. (√)
[析] 不及物動(dòng)詞后接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),要在動(dòng)詞之后加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~;但不及物動(dòng)詞后接home, here, there等副詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),動(dòng)詞之后不必加任何介詞。
3.The box is too heavy for him to carry it. (×)
The box is too heavy for him to carry. (√)
[析] the box既是這句話(huà)的主語(yǔ), 也是不定式to carry的邏輯賓語(yǔ),若句末再加上it,就和the box重復(fù)了。
4.Each of the boys have a pen. (×)
Each of the boys has a pen. (√)
[析] 復(fù)數(shù)名詞前有表個(gè)體的eachof, one of, every,either of等詞組修飾,或有表否定的neither of, none of 等詞組修飾時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。
5.例:那是你心軟!我不就是一個(gè)例子嗎?
Neither he nor you is good at English. (×)
Neither he nor you are good at English. (√)
[析] either... or..., neither... nor..., notonly..., but also... 等詞組連接句子的兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵循“就近一致原則”, 即由靠近謂語(yǔ)的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)決定謂語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)用何種形式。
6.Ten minus three are seven. (×)
Ten minus three is seven. (√)
[析] 用英語(yǔ)表示加(plus)、減(minus)等數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)形式。
7.The number of the workers in this factory areabout 5,000. (×)
The number of the workers in this factory is about 5,000. (√)
[析] the number of表示“……的數(shù)量”,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;a number of 的意思是“若干”或“許多”,相當(dāng)于some或a lot of,和復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
8. 例. Hello! I haveimportant something to tell you. (×)
Hello! I have something important to tell you. (√)
[析] 形容詞或動(dòng)詞不定式修飾不定代詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),修飾成分要置于不定代詞之后。
9. His son is enough old to go to school. (×)
His son is old enough to go to school. (√)
[析] enough作形容詞修飾名詞時(shí),可以放在名詞前,也可放在名詞后;作副詞修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí),只能放在形容詞或副詞之后。
10.. Here is your sweater, put away it.(×)
Here is your sweater, put it away. (√)
[析] put away, pick up, put on等“動(dòng)詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的詞組后接代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),代詞只能放在動(dòng)詞和副詞之間。
11. Look! Here the bus comes.(×)
Look! Here comes the bus.(√)
[析] 在以here, there引起的陳述句中,若句子的主語(yǔ)是名詞,要用倒裝語(yǔ)序,即用“Here /There+動(dòng)詞+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu);但主語(yǔ)若是代詞時(shí),則不用倒裝語(yǔ)序, 即用“Here/There +代詞+動(dòng)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。
12. I do well in playing football, _______. (我妹妹也行。)A. so my sister does(×)B. so does my sister(√)
Li Lei is really a football fan. --- _______. (確實(shí)這樣.)A. So is he(×) B.So he is(√)
[析] “so+be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)表示前面所述情況也適用于后者,意為“……也是這樣”;“so+主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞”的陳述結(jié)構(gòu)表示對(duì)前述情況的肯定,意為“……確實(shí)如此”。
13.重慶比中國(guó)的其他城市都大。
Chongqing is larger than any city in China. (×)Chongqingis larger than any other city in China. (√)
[析] “any city inChina”包括了重慶這座城市, 同一事物自己與自己不能做比較,只有在city 前加上other才能表示重慶和中國(guó)的其它城市比較大小。
The weather in Guangzhou is warmer than Beijing. (×)
The weather in Guangzhou is warmer than that in Beijing . (√)
[析] 表示比較時(shí),句子中的兩個(gè)比較對(duì)象必須一致,不同的比較對(duì)象不能做比較。錯(cuò)誤句的比較對(duì)象分別為the weather in Guangzhou和Beijing,這兩個(gè)不同類(lèi)的事物之間不能做比較。
14, His sister married with a teacher last summer.(×)Hissister married a teacher last summer. (√)
[析] 表達(dá)“A和B結(jié)婚”,要用A married/will marry B。這時(shí)務(wù)必要避免受漢語(yǔ)影響使用A married/will marry with B。
15. 例There is going to havea film tonight. (×) There is going to be a filmtonight. (√)
[析] 一般將來(lái)時(shí)用在 There be 句式中時(shí),be going to或will之后的動(dòng)詞原形只能用be,也就是說(shuō)要用There is (are) going to be.... /There will be....。
16. 例I’ll go hiking if it won’t rain next Sunday. (×)I’ll go hiking if it doesn’t rain next Sunday.(√)
[析] 習(xí)慣上在含有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中,如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用了一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。
17.例 Teacher told usyesterday that the earth went around the sun. (×)
Teacher told us yesterday that the earth goes around the sun. (√)
[析] 習(xí)慣上在含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中,主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用了一般過(guò)去時(shí),從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。但如果從句表述的是一客觀事實(shí)或客觀真理時(shí),則不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的影響,而用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
18. All the balls are not round. 翻譯成漢語(yǔ):
所有的球都不是圓的。(×)并不是所有的球都是圓的。(√)
[析] all, every, both等詞和not連用時(shí),not通常放在all,every, both的后面,一般情況下表示部分否定,意為“并非……都……”。
19. 例--- He didn’t go to school yesterday, did he?-- _______, though he didn’t feel very well.
A. No, he didn’t (×) B. Yes, he did (√)
例--- Don’t you usually come toschool by bike?-- _______. But I sometimes walk.
A. No, I don’t (×) B. Yes, I do (√)
[析] 習(xí)慣上英語(yǔ)中的yes意為“是的”,no意為“不”,但在“前否后肯”的反意疑問(wèn)句或否定疑問(wèn)句中,yes意為“不”,no意為“是的”。
20.---- Excuse me, is the supermarket far from here?---- No,it's about _______.
A. 7 minuteswalk B. 7 minute walk C. 7minutes' walk D. 7 minute's walk
答案為C。本題考查名詞所有格用法。當(dāng)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)以-s結(jié)尾時(shí),則只需要加“'”即可,則“7分鐘的距離”為“7minutes' walk”。
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21. You can not imagine how much I ______ on this dress. Is it beautiful?
A. paid B. took C. cost D. spent
[剖析] 答案為D。本題考察四個(gè)表“花費(fèi)”的動(dòng)詞辨析。主語(yǔ)為人,且和介詞on搭配的動(dòng)詞是spend。
22. ---- Do you know _____ university student whois talking with Joe?---- Yes,she,s my cousin, Kate.
A. a B. an C.the D. /
[剖析] 答案為C。university雖然以元音字母u開(kāi)頭,但其前若使用不定冠詞時(shí),則要用a.不過(guò)此題中不能使用不定冠詞,而是特指和Joe說(shuō)話(huà)的那個(gè)大學(xué)生,故要選the。
23. The number of giant pandas is getting ______ because their living areas arebecoming farmlands.
A. less and less B. larger andlarger C. smaller and smaller D. fewer and
fewer
[剖析] 答案為C。句意為“大熊貓的數(shù)量越來(lái)越少因?yàn)樗麄兊纳婵臻g正逐漸變成農(nóng)場(chǎng)”。本題中四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是“比較級(jí)+ and + 比較級(jí)”的結(jié)構(gòu),表示“越來(lái)越……”。主語(yǔ)為number,只能和large或small搭配。而結(jié)合句意可判斷答案為C。
24. Be careful when you come _______ the street,because the traffic is very busy
at the moment.A. across B. behind C. between D. over
[剖析] 答案為A。本題考察方位介詞的用法。“過(guò)馬路”一般為表面橫穿,因此要用across。
25. ---- Do you often clean your classroom?---- Yes, our classroom ______ every day.
A. clean B. cleans C. iscleaned D. Cleaned
[剖析] 答案為C。句中有every day,主語(yǔ)為our classroom,故要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
26. Lucy usually cleans the cage every two days. (對(duì)畫(huà)線部分提問(wèn))_ _______ Lucy usually clean the cage?
[剖析] 答案為How oftendoes。對(duì)every two days提問(wèn)要用howoften。
27. I didn't understand __________,so I raised my hand to ask...
A. what my teacher says B. what does myteacher say C. what my teacher said D. whatdid my teacher say
[剖析] 答案為C。本題為賓語(yǔ)從句,由于需要用陳述語(yǔ)序可排除B、D;另外,主句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí),則從句也要用對(duì)應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),故還可排除A。
28. ---- How much ______ the shoes? ---- Five dollars ______ enough.
A. is;is B. are;is C. are;are D. is;are
[剖析] 答案為B。shoes作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式;five dollars是一個(gè)整體,應(yīng)按單數(shù)對(duì)待。
29. 誤〕 We got to the top of the mountain in daybreak. 〔正〕 We got to the top of the mountain at day break.
〔析〕 at用于具體時(shí)刻之前,如:sunrise,midday, noon, sunset, midnight, night。
30. 〔誤〕 Dont sleep atdaytime 〔正〕 Dont sleep in daytime.
〔析〕 in 要用于較長(zhǎng)的一段時(shí)間之內(nèi),如:in themorning / afternoon, 或 in the week / month / year. 或 in spring / supper /autumn / winter等等。
31. 〔誤〕 He became a writterat his twenties 〔正〕 He became a writter in his twenties
〔析〕這句話(huà)應(yīng)譯為:他在20多歲時(shí)就成了作家。在某人的一段生活時(shí)間段中要用介詞in來(lái)表示,而在具體歲數(shù)時(shí)用at來(lái)表示。
32. 誤〕 We went to swim inthe river in a very hot day. 〔正〕 We went to swim in theriver on a very hot day.
〔析〕 具體某一天要用介詞on, 又如:on NewYears Day
33. 〔誤〕 Im looking forwardto seeing you on Christmas. 〔正〕 Im looking for ward toseeing you at Christmas.
〔析〕在節(jié)日的當(dāng)天用on,而全部節(jié)日期間用at,Christmas是圣誕節(jié)期間,一般要有兩周或更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。
34. 誤 I havent see youduring the summer holidays. 正 I havent seen you sincethe beginning of the summer holidays.
〔析〕 during表示在某一段時(shí)間之內(nèi),所以一般不與完成時(shí)搭配,如:I visited a lot of museums during the holiday. 而for表示一段時(shí)間,可以用于完成時(shí),如:I havent see you for along time. 而through 用來(lái)表示時(shí)間時(shí)則為"整整,全部的時(shí)間"。如:It rained through the night.而since則是表達(dá)主句動(dòng)作的起始時(shí)間,一般要與完成時(shí)連用。
35. 〔誤〕 At entering theclassroom, I heard the good news. 〔正〕 On entering theclassroom, I heard the good news.
〔析〕 On 加動(dòng)名詞表示"一……就"。本句的譯文應(yīng)是:我一進(jìn)入教室就聽(tīng)見(jiàn)這個(gè)好消息了。又如:on hearing… 一聽(tīng)見(jiàn), on arrival 一到達(dá)就……(on表示動(dòng)作的名詞)
36. 〔誤〕 In the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories. 〔正〕 At the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories.
〔析〕 at the begining與at the end都是指某事物的開(kāi)始與結(jié)束部分,均不指時(shí)間范圍,而in thebeginning 則是指開(kāi)始一段時(shí)間。in the end=atlast是指"最終,終于"之意。
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