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2008年高考英語復(fù)習(xí):詞匯復(fù)習(xí)不可忽視說介詞

2008-03-07 10:25:23  來源:城市快報(bào) 文章作者:段勝利

  一、介詞考查比例不大

  介詞在高診斷題中的數(shù)量,一般是有2至3個(gè),所占的比例不大,多出現(xiàn)在單選、完形和改錯中。例如:

  2007年高考天津卷第4題

  ________ fire, all exits must be kept clear.

  A. In place of

  B. Instead of

  C. In case of

  D. In spite of

  答案C?疾榻樵~短語。

  2004年高考天津卷第39題

  “ Ready … set … ” The gun popped and we were off . The other girls rushed 39 me. I felt ashamed as I fell farther and farther behind.

  39. A. from behind

  B. ahead of

  C. next to

  D. close to

  答案B?疾榻樵~短語。根據(jù)as I fell farther and farther behind的語義選擇ahead of,“在……前面”。

  2006年高考天津卷第60題

  to me to join in activities. As a result, I gradually got to know 59.

  the other campers. Because the help you gave me that summer, 60.

  my life changed. I gained so much confidence that I go back 61.

  第60題答案,Because后面加上of,考查正確使用介詞的能力。

  二、介詞短語的認(rèn)知和介詞的基本用法是考查重點(diǎn)

  高考天津卷近幾年涉及到介詞的考查集中在介詞短語的認(rèn)知和介詞的基本用法,題目通常不是很難。但由于許多題目涉及到搭配、介詞的多種用法和不同介詞連接同一名詞的不同含義,因此在復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)有時(shí)也會感覺不好掌握。從詞匯角度掌握介詞要注意:

  (一)記準(zhǔn)介詞相關(guān)的搭配和介詞短語的語義

  動詞與介詞、形容詞與介詞以及介詞與名詞等所形成的搭配結(jié)構(gòu),是介詞考查的重點(diǎn),也是我們學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。對于搭配問題,首先是理解不同介詞的含義,在此基礎(chǔ)上要助力機(jī)械記憶,記準(zhǔn)搭配結(jié)構(gòu)。

  例一 Scientists are convinced the positive effect of laughter physical and mental health.

  A. of; at B. by; in

  C. of; on D. on; at

  答案C。考查動詞convince的介詞搭配“convince sb of sth”,名詞effect和介詞的搭配,effect on sth。要特別注意還有一些動詞,如rob,remind等都有相似的結(jié)構(gòu),即rob/remind sb of sth!八麚尳倭宋业腻X”,要表達(dá)為“He robbed me of my money.”而不能只顧中文思維,錯誤地說成“ He robbed my money.”

  例二 The better use you can make time, the greater contributions you will make_______ society.

  A.in, to B.on, for

  C.of, to D. in, on

  答案C?疾閮蓚(gè)動詞詞組make use of sth和 make contribution to sth。

  例三 After the earthquake, the injured were cared _____in the local hospitals or taken by air to the hospitals of neighboring cities.

  A. of B. for

  C. after D. with

  答案B?疾閯釉~詞組care for sb。

  例四 Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be controlled on purpose.

  A. with which

  B. to which

  C. of which

  D. for which

  答案B。本題表面上看是考查定語從句,而實(shí)質(zhì)上卻是考查使用介詞的能力,即(in)to (some)the degree,到某種程度上。

  例五 In order to change attitudes____employing women,the government is bringing in new laws.

  A.about B.of

  C.towards D.on

  答案C。考查名詞和介詞的搭配,attitudes towards,…的態(tài)度

  例六 People have always been curious _____how living things in the earth exactly began.

  A. in B. at

  C. of D. about

  答案D。考查形容詞和名詞的搭配,be curious about sth。

  例七 _____achievement, last week’s ministerial meeting of the WTO here earned a low, though not failing, grade.

  A. In terms of

  B. In case of

  C. As a result

  D. In face of

  答案A?疾榻樵~短語的不同含義。in terms of,從…方面來說;in case of,萬一;as a result,結(jié)果;in face of,面對,面臨。

  例八 My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was ____it.

  A. in favor of

  B. in memory of

  C. in honor of

  D. in search of

  答案A。考查介詞短語的不同含義。in favor of,贊成,喜歡;in memory of,紀(jì)念,懷念;in honor of,以紀(jì)念,向......表示敬意;in search of,尋找。選項(xiàng)中的四個(gè)介詞短語,結(jié)構(gòu)相同,記憶時(shí)可以根據(jù)其中的名詞favor,memory,honor,search的不同含義來加以理解和記憶。

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